@inproceedings { , title = {Understanding the diverse needs of subtitle users in a rapidly evolving media landscape.}, abstract = {Audiences are increasingly using services such as video on demand and the web to watch television programmes. Broadcasters need to make subtitles available across all these new platforms. These platforms also create new design opportunities for subtitles along with the ability to customise them to an individual's needs. To explore these new opportunities for subtitles we have begun the process of reviewing the guidance for subtitles on television and evaluating the original user research. We have found that existing guidelines have been shaped by a mixture of technical constraints, industry practice and user research, constrained by existing technical standards. This paper provides an overview of the subtitle research at BBC R\&D over the past two years. Our research is revealing significant diversity in the needs and preferences of frequent subtitle users, and points to the need for personalisation in the way subtitles are displayed. We are developing a new approach to the authoring and display of subtitles that can respond to the user requirements by adjusting the subtitle layout in the client device.}, conference = {2015 International broadcasting convention (IBC) (IBC 2015)}, doi = {10.1049/ibc.2015.0032}, note = {COMPLETED -- Decided not to add BBC white paper (http://www.bbc.co.uk/rd/publications/whitepaper307) instead added conf paper and journal article but add white paper link as related doc to both 9/6/2017 LM -- Response also received from BBC, to indicate confusion about who they need to get permission from, as they intend to contact both IBC and SMPTE, due to the potential for conflicting licensing involved - we cannot use their white paper until they have confirmed permissions from the same organisations. Have replied to BBC to indicate that we have also contacted both organisations previously and so far not received a response. Await reply from BBC. Speak with GB before taking any further action. 11.04.2017 GB -- Received response from IET to say that we should ask for permission from IBC (the conference organisers). 11.04.2017 GB -- No response. Converted to OTHER to reflect BBC White Paper version. Permission requested from BBC. If no response or if negative response, use IET conference paper version instead and just upload without waiting for permission. 27.03.2017 GB -- Permission requested from info@ibc.org and ietdl@theiet.org 3/3/2017 LM -- Info from contact 24/2/2017 LM ADDITIONAL INFORMATION: Crabb, Michael -- Panel B}, publicationstatus = {Published}, publisher = {Institution of Engineering and Technology}, url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10059/2374}, keyword = {Radio, Television, Broadcasting, Video on demand, Web to watch, Subtitles}, year = {2015}, author = {Armstrong, M. and Brown, A. and Crabb, M. and Hughes, C.J. and Jones, R. and Sandford, J.} }