Designated prescribing practitioners: a theory-based cross-sectional study of stakeholders' views on implementation of a novel pharmacy regulator mandated preceptorship model.

Jebara, Tesnime; McIntosh, Trudi; Stewart, Fiona; Osprey, Adam; Bruce, Rachel; Cunningham, Scott

Abstract

The Scottish Government is increasing independent prescribers (IP) in community pharmacy (CP). A new preceptorship model using IPs as Designated Prescribing Practitioners (DPPs) has been introduced. The aim of this study was to investigate stakeholder views of the implementation of a novel, regulator-mandated IP course preceptorship model. The research was undertaken through a theory-based, online pre-piloted survey of stakeholders, including e.g. directors of pharmacy, prescribing, education leads, policy and strategy leads, and CPs. Questionnaire development used the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) and a DPP Competency Framework. Data were analysed descriptively and presented with mapping to CFIR constructs. Of ninety-nine responses, 82.5% (80/97) responded "yes" to "...abilities in reporting concerns...", and 53.1% (51/96) indicating "no" to "...anticipated issues with clinical and diagnostic skills". CFIR-related facilitators included agreement that: a) there was tension for change, with 84 (85%) indicating an "...urgent need to implement role..."; b) incentives are likely to help (65, 66%); and c) small pilots would help (85, 88%). Barriers were evident, relating to "unsure" responses about sufficiency of: DPP capacity (39/97, 40.2%); time (48/96, 50%); and support and resources (44, 45%) to undertake the role. Concerns were expressed, with 81 (83%) in agreement or unsure that leadership commitment may be lacking, and 48 (48.9%) being "unsure" about the availability of good training for the DPP role. The study concluded that there was DPP role positivity, but that there were also barriers and facilitators at policy-, organisational- and individual practitioner levels, which need more consideration. Further research is warranted on the uptake and embedding of the role.

Citation

JEBARA, T., MCINTOSH, T., STEWART, F., OSPREY, A., BRUCE, R. and CUNNINGHAM, S. 2022. Designated prescribing practitioners: a theory-based cross-sectional study of stakeholders' views on implementation of a novel pharmacy regulator mandated preceptorship model. International journal of clinical pharmacy [online], 44(5), pages 1195-1204. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11096-022-01467-8

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Aug 2, 2022
• Online Publication Date: Aug 11, 2022
• Publication Date: Oct 31, 2022
• Deposit Date: Aug 5, 2022
• Publicly Available Date: Aug 5, 2022
• Journal: International journal of clinical pharmacy
• Print ISSN: 2210-7703
• Electronic ISSN: 2210-7711
• Publisher: Springer
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 44
• Issue: 5
• Pages: 1195-1204
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11096-022-01467-8
• Keywords: Drug prescriptions; Education and education; Models; Pharmacy; Preceptorship; Social theory
• Public URL: https://rgu-repository.worktribe.com/output/1725136