Physical activity: a strategy to improve antibody response to a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine booster dose in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases.

Gualano, Bruno; Sieczkowska, Sofia M.; Lemes, Ítalo Ribeiro; Pieres da Silva, Rafael; Pinto, Ana J.; Mazzolani, Bruna C.; Smaira, Fabiana I.; Aikawa, Nadia E.; Kupa, Leonard V.K.; Pasoto, Sandra G.; Medeiros-Ribeiro, Ana C.; Saad, Carla G.S.; Yuk, Emily F.N.; Silva, Clovis A.; Swinton, Paul; Hallal, Pedro C.; Roschel, Hamilton; Bonfa, Eloisa

Abstract

Physical activity associates with improved immunogenicity following a 2-dose schedule of CoronaVac (Sinovac's inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine) in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARD). This study evaluates whether physical activity impacts vaccine-induced antibody responses to a booster dose in this population. This was a phase-4 trial conducted in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Patients with ARD underwent a 3-dose schedule of CoronaVac. One month after the booster, we assessed seroconversion rates of anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 IgG, geometric mean titers of anti-S1/S2 IgG, frequency of positive neutralizing antibodies, and neutralizing activity. Physical activity was assessed through questionnaire. Physically active (n = 362) and inactive (n = 278) patients were comparable for most characteristics; however, physically active patients were younger (P<.01) and had a lower frequency of chronic inflammatory arthritis (P<.01). Adjusted models showed that physically active patients had -2 times odds of seroconversion rates (OR: 2.09; 95% confidence interval, 1.22 to 3.61), -22% greater geometric mean titers of anti-S1/S2 IgG (22.09%; 95% confidence interval, 3.91 to 65.60), and -7% greater neutralizing activity (6.76%; 95% confidence interval, 2.80 to 10.72) than inactive patients. Patients with ARD who are physically active have greater odds of experiencing better immunogenicity to a booster dose of CoronaVac. These results support the recommendation of physical activity to improve vaccination responses, particularly for immunocompromised individuals.

Citation

GUALANO, B., SIECZKOWSKA, S.M., LEMES, I.R., PIRES DA SILVA, R., PINTO, A.J., MAZZOLANI, B.C., SMAIRA, F.I., AIKAWA, N.E., KUPA, L.V.K., PASOTO, S.G., MEDEIROS-RIBEIRO, A.C., SAAD, C.G.S., YUK, E.F.N., SILVA, C.A., SWINTON, P., HALLAL, P.C., ROSCHEL, H. and BONFA, E. 2023. Physical activity: a strategy to improve antibody response to a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine booster dose in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Journal of physical activity and health [online], 20(4), pages 311-316. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2022-0332

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Jan 9, 2023
• Online Publication Date: Mar 3, 2023
• Publication Date: Apr 30, 2023
• Deposit Date: Mar 12, 2023
• Publicly Available Date: Mar 30, 2023
• Journal: Journal of physical activity and health
• Print ISSN: 1543-3080
• Electronic ISSN: 1543-5474
• Publisher: Human Kinetics
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 20
• Issue: 4
• Pages: 311-316
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2022-0332
• Keywords: Physical inactivity; Vaccine responses; COVID-19; Immunosuppression
• Public URL: https://rgu-repository.worktribe.com/output/1905895