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Physical activity: a strategy to improve antibody response to a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine booster dose in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases.

Gualano, Bruno; Sieczkowska, Sofia M.; Lemes, Ítalo Ribeiro; Pieres da Silva, Rafael; Pinto, Ana J.; Mazzolani, Bruna C.; Smaira, Fabiana I.; Aikawa, Nadia E.; Kupa, Leonard V.K.; Pasoto, Sandra G.; Medeiros-Ribeiro, Ana C.; Saad, Carla G.S.; Yuk, Emily F.N.; Silva, Clovis A.; Swinton, Paul; Hallal, Pedro C.; Roschel, Hamilton; Bonfa, Eloisa

Authors

Bruno Gualano

Sofia M. Sieczkowska

Ítalo Ribeiro Lemes

Rafael Pieres da Silva

Ana J. Pinto

Bruna C. Mazzolani

Fabiana I. Smaira

Nadia E. Aikawa

Leonard V.K. Kupa

Sandra G. Pasoto

Ana C. Medeiros-Ribeiro

Carla G.S. Saad

Emily F.N. Yuk

Clovis A. Silva

Pedro C. Hallal

Hamilton Roschel

Eloisa Bonfa



Abstract

Physical activity associates with improved immunogenicity following a 2-dose schedule of CoronaVac (Sinovac's inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine) in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARD). This study evaluates whether physical activity impacts vaccine-induced antibody responses to a booster dose in this population. This was a phase-4 trial conducted in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Patients with ARD underwent a 3-dose schedule of CoronaVac. One month after the booster, we assessed seroconversion rates of anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 IgG, geometric mean titers of anti-S1/S2 IgG, frequency of positive neutralizing antibodies, and neutralizing activity. Physical activity was assessed through questionnaire. Physically active (n = 362) and inactive (n = 278) patients were comparable for most characteristics; however, physically active patients were younger (P<.01) and had a lower frequency of chronic inflammatory arthritis (P<.01). Adjusted models showed that physically active patients had -2 times odds of seroconversion rates (OR: 2.09; 95% confidence interval, 1.22 to 3.61), -22% greater geometric mean titers of anti-S1/S2 IgG (22.09%; 95% confidence interval, 3.91 to 65.60), and -7% greater neutralizing activity (6.76%; 95% confidence interval, 2.80 to 10.72) than inactive patients. Patients with ARD who are physically active have greater odds of experiencing better immunogenicity to a booster dose of CoronaVac. These results support the recommendation of physical activity to improve vaccination responses, particularly for immunocompromised individuals.

Citation

GUALANO, B., SIECZKOWSKA, S.M., LEMES, I.R., PIRES DA SILVA, R., PINTO, A.J., MAZZOLANI, B.C., SMAIRA, F.I., AIKAWA, N.E., KUPA, L.V.K., PASOTO, S.G., MEDEIROS-RIBEIRO, A.C., SAAD, C.G.S., YUK, E.F.N., SILVA, C.A., SWINTON, P., HALLAL, P.C., ROSCHEL, H. and BONFA, E. 2023. Physical activity: a strategy to improve antibody response to a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine booster dose in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Journal of physical activity and health [online], 20(4), pages 311-316. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2022-0332

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Jan 9, 2023
Online Publication Date Mar 3, 2023
Publication Date Apr 30, 2023
Deposit Date Mar 12, 2023
Publicly Available Date Mar 30, 2023
Journal Journal of physical activity and health
Print ISSN 1543-3080
Electronic ISSN 1543-5474
Publisher Human Kinetics
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 20
Issue 4
Pages 311-316
DOI https://doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2022-0332
Keywords Physical inactivity; Vaccine responses; COVID-19; Immunosuppression
Public URL https://rgu-repository.worktribe.com/output/1905895

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