Composites techniques optimization and finite element analysis of kenaf fiber reinforced epoxy nonwoven composite structures for renewable energy infrastructure.

Owen, Macaulay M.; Wong, Leong Sing; Achukwu, Emmanuel O.; Romli, Ahmad Zafir; Nazeri, Muhammad Naufal; Shuib, Solehuddin

Abstract

In exploring the viability of kenaf fiber-reinforced epoxy nonwoven composites (KFRECs) for renewable energy infrastructure, the optimization of their manufacturing techniques for maximum performance remains a significant research gap. This study addresses this challenge by investigating the optimization of nonwoven composites' fabrication techniques to enhance their mechanical, thermal, and microstructural robustness. Thus, an innovative vacuum double-bagging technique was compared with single-bagging and hand lay-up methods aimed at evaluating their impact on tensile and flexural strength, hardness, impact, and thermal resistance. The obtained results indicate that the vacuum single-bagging method significantly improved tensile and impact strength by 16% and 38.5%, respectively, while the vacuum double-bagging offered the greatest improvements in flexural strength and hardness, with increases of 112.6% and 15.3%, respectively, compared to the hand lay-up technique. SEM analysis confirmed the vacuum processing techniques produced well-consolidated composite structures with uniform fiber distribution, complete wettability, a good fiber-matrix interface, and a reduced void content, leading to improved material properties. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) simulations revealed a variation in tensile stress of approximately 22.4% and a close agreement with a minimal variation of 2.1% in flexural stress, further validating these optimized techniques. The results also correlate with enhanced thermal behavior and rigidity at elevated temperatures, with the vacuum double-bagging technique exhibiting the highest thermal stability for the demanding conditions of the energy infrastructure sector. The study concludes that the choice of fabrication technique is pivotal for advancing the design, properties and performance of KFRECs, for sustainable energy structures.

Citation

OWEN, M.M., WONG, L.S., ACHUKWU, E.O., ROMLI, A.Z., NAZERI, M.N. and SHUIB, S. 2024. Composites techniques optimization and finite element analysis of kenaf fiber reinforced epoxy nonwoven composite structures for renewable energy infrastructure. Journal of industrial textiles [online], 54, pages 1-32. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/15280837241283963

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Dec 9, 2024
• Online Publication Date: Dec 9, 2024
• Publication Date: Dec 31, 2024
• Deposit Date: Dec 20, 2024
• Publicly Available Date: Dec 20, 2024
• Journal: Journal of industrial textiles
• Print ISSN: 1528-0837
• Electronic ISSN: 1530-8057
• Publisher: SAGE Publications
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 54
• Pages: 1-32
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/15280837241283963
• Keywords: Nonwoven kenaf fiber composites; Mechanical and thermal properties; Finite element analysis; Composite techniques; Energy infrastructure
• Public URL: https://rgu-repository.worktribe.com/output/2625159