Impact of rapeseed pomace extract on markers of oxidative stress and DNA damage in human SH‐SY5Y cells.

Pohl, Franziska; Goua, Marie; Yates, Kyari; Bermano, Giovanna; Russell, Wendy R.; Maciel, Patr�cia; Kong Thoo Lin, Paul

Abstract

With increased longevity and subsequent rise in people with age-related neurodegenerative diseases, protection of neurons from oxidative stress damage has become an important field of study. For the first time, we highlight the neuroprotective properties of rapeseed pomace (RSP) extract in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. We used resazurin to determine cell metabolism, 2,7’-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (H2DCFDA) to assess the potential of RSP extracts to shield cells from reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by H2O2 using flow cytometry, HPLC to analyze for malondialdehyde (MDA) as a lipid peroxidation marker and the COMET assay to assess DNA strand breakage. Protein stress arrays were used to investigate the cellular pathways affected by RSP extract. No effect on cell metabolism in SH-SY5Y cells was observed after RSP extract treatment (up to 1.5 mg/ml). Pretreatment (24 hr) with RSP extract (1 mg/ml), before H2O2-induced stress, alleviated ROS production and DNA strand breakage by 68%, and 38%, respectively. At protein level, the RSP extract increased the levels of FABP-1, HIF-1α, SOD2, and Cytochrome c proteins. Under H2O2-induced stress, however, it helped to downregulate p38α levels, a protein kinase which is receptive to stress impulse (mitogen-activated). RSP extract shows very promising cell protective properties in relation to oxidative stress. Practical applications: Oxidative stress has been associated with numerous diseases for example cancer, diabetes, and many neurological disorders including Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. Hence, there is acceptance among the scientific community of antioxidant therapy and the quest for effective, low cost and readily available sources of natural antioxidants is paramount. Rapeseed plantations are abundant around the world due to the use of rapeseed oil in cooking and as a biofuel. The resulting rapeseed pomace (by-product), specifically its extract, contains high levels of phytochemicals that protect cells against oxidative stress. Therefore, RSP extract can potentially be used/developed as functional food and nutraceuticals in the prevention of many complex neurodegenerative diseases.

Citation

POHL, F., GOUA, M., YATES, K., BERMANO, G., RUSSELL, W.R., MACIEL, P. and KONG THOO LIN, P. 2021. Impact of rapeseed pomace extract on markers of oxidative stress and DNA damage in human SH‐SY5Y cells. Journal of food biochemistry [online], 45(2), article e13592. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/jfbc.13592

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Dec 2, 2020
• Online Publication Date: Dec 22, 2020
• Publication Date: Feb 28, 2021
• Deposit Date: Jan 7, 2021
• Publicly Available Date: Dec 23, 2021
• Journal: Journal of food biochemistry
• Print ISSN: 0145-8884
• Electronic ISSN: 1745-4514
• Publisher: Wiley
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 45
• Issue: 2
• Article Number: e13592
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jfbc.13592
• Keywords: Comet assay; Cytoprotection; Plant extract; Rapeseed; ROS; SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells
• Public URL: https://rgu-repository.worktribe.com/output/1045464